Lerer's 4 Myths of Language
1. Myth of Universality - there is, as far as we can tell, no universal language. Maybe at some point of the distant past there was, but today it's almost impossible. e.g. - Republic of Georgia, mama means father and deda means mother . The ultimate nail in the coffin of the myth of universality. 2. Myth of simplicity - No language is harder or easier for its own speech community to learn. A six-year-old in any culture has the same relative ability to master their language as any other. 3. Myth of teleology - language does not move towards a goal, nor evolve, nor change at a steady rate. 4. Myth of gradualism - language changes in fits and starts. See the Great Vowel Shift .